SOFSKILL BAHASA INGGRIS

NAMA : PRATIWI WULANDARI
NPM    : 14209053
KELAS: 3 EA 11

NOUN CLAUSES

Noun clauses is a dependent clause that functions as a noun (that is, as a subject, object, or complement) within a sentence. Noun clauses is an entire clause which takes the place of a noun in another clause or phrase.

Examples :

•           I often wonder how you are getting on with him.

•           He feared that he would fail.

•           They replied that they would come to this town.

•           Do you know who stole the watch?

•           I thought that it would be fine day.

•           No one knows who he is.

•           I did not know what he would do next.

•           How the budget got in is a mystery.

•           Pay careful attention to what I am going to say.

•           I do not understand how all it happened

Examples of sentence :

1.         Subject of the sentence:

What he gets makes his family proud.

2.         Direct object:

I know where her house is.

3.         Indirect object:

The President will give whatever the Indonesia National Football Team gets an appreciation.

4.         Subjective Complement:

That is what you want.

5.         Objective complement:

They will name their dog whatever they want to.

6.         Object of a prepositions:

The old lady cried for whatever his husband did.

7.         Appositive:

John, whom i met yesterday, will be my new business partner.

8.         Object of a participle:

Remembering what she promised, I tried to be better.

9.         Object of an infinitive:

They requested me to notice what they spoke.

10.       Object of a gerund:

Rejecting what he wants makes me unhappy.

references

http://www.uottawa.ca/academic/arts/writcent/hypergrammar/claustyp.html

http://grammar.about.com/od/mo/g/nounclauseterm.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunction_(grammar)

SOFTSKILL BAHASA INGGRIS

NAMA : PRATIWI WULANDARI

NPM    : 14209053

KELAS: 3 EA 11

CONJUNCTION

In grammar, a conjunction is a part of speech that connects two words, sentences, phrases or clauses together. In general, a conjunction is an invariable grammatical particle, and it may or may not stand between the items it conjoins.

Conjunctions have three basic :

         Single Word

example: and, but, because, although

         Compound (often ending with as or that)

example: provided that, as long as, in order that

         Correlative (surrounding an adverb or adjective)

example: so...that

Conjunctions have two basic functions :

Coordinating conjunctions

         are used to join two parts of a sentence that are grammatically equal. The two parts may besingle words or clauses. Always come between the words or clauses that they join.

example:

•           Jack and Jill went up the hill.

•           The water was warm, but I didn't go swimming.

Subordinating conjunctions

         are used to join a subordinate dependent clause to a main clause. Usually come at the beginning of the subordinate clause.

example:

•           I went swimming although it was cold.

Here are some examples of Coordinating Conjunctions :

         For presents a reason ("He is gambling with his health, for he has been smoking far too long.").

         And presents non-contrasting item(s) or idea(s) ("They gamble, and they smoke.").

         Nor presents a non-contrasting negative idea ("They do not gamble, nor do they smoke.").

         But presents a contrast or exception ("They gamble, but they don't smoke.").

         Or presents an alternative item or idea ("Every day, they gamble or they smoke.").

         Yet presents a contrast or exception ("They gamble, yet they don't smoke.").

         So presents a consequence ("He gambled well last night, so he smoked a cigar to celebrate.").

Correlative Conjunction

         Correlative conjunctions work in pairs to join words and groups of words of equal weight in a sentence. There are six different pairs of correlative conjunctions:

1)         either...or

2)         not only...but also

3)         neither...nor (or increasingly neither...or)

4)         both...and

5)         whether...or

6)         just as...so

Examples:

-           You either do your work or prepare for a trip to the office.

-           Not only is he handsome, but he is also brilliant.

-           Neither the basketball team nor the football team is doing well.

-           Both the cross country team and the swimming team are doing well.

-           Whether you stay or go is your decision.

-           Just as many Americans love football, so many Canadians love ice hockey.

references

http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/conjunctions.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunction_(grammar)

SOFTSKILL BAHASA INGGRIS

NAMA : PRATIWI WULANDARI

NPM    : 14209053

ADVERBIAL CLAUSES

Adverbial clause is a clause that describes the main sentence. Clause is called the adverbial clause. An adverbial clause (adverb clause) is a word or expression in the sentence that functions as an adverb that is, it tells you something about how the action in the verb was done. Clause explains the first sentence stem is preceded by the conjunction specific. An adverbial clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb. In other words, it contains a subject (explicit or implied) and a predicate, and it modifies a verb.

A dependent clause used as an adverb within a sentence to indicate time, place, condition, contrast, concession, reason, purpose, or result. Also known as adverbial clause.

1.      Clause of Time (when, before, after, since, while, as, as long as, until, til)

è These clauses are used to say when something happens by referring to a period of time or to another event.

Exmp :

·         While he was walking home, he saw an accident.

·         By the time I arrive, Banu will have left.

·         You may begin when (ever) you are ready.

2.      Clause of Place (where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere)

è These clauses are used to talk about the location or position of something.

Exmp :

·         They sat down Wherever They Could find empty seats

·         Where there is poverty, there we find Discontent and Unrest.

3.      Clause of Concession (although, though, while)

è These clauses are used to make two statements, one of which contrasts with the other or makes it seem surprising.

Exmp :

·         Jellyta wanted to stop, while I wanted to go on.

·         Although it is late, we'll stay a little longer.

4.      Clause of Manner (as, like, the way)

è These clauses are used to talk about someone's behaviour or the way something is done.

Exmp :

·         He did as I told him.

·         They may beat us again, like They did in 1978.

5.      Clause of Purpose and Result (so.. that)

è These clauses are used to indicate the purpose of an action and result of something.

Exmp :

·         She bought a book so (that) Could she learn English

6.      Clause of Cause and Effect (because, since, as)

è These clauses are used to indicate the reason for something.

Exmp :

·         Because he was sleepy, he went to bed.

·         Since he's not interested in classical music, he Decided not to go to the concert.

7.      Clause of Condition (if, even if, unless)

è These clauses are used to talk about a possible or counterfactual situation and its consequences.

Exmp:

·         If I see him, I will invite him to the party tomorrow.

·         She would forgive her husband everything, if only he would come back to her.

8.      Purpose Clauses (in order to, so that, in order that)

è These clauses are used to indicate the purpose of an action.

Exmp :

·         They went to the movie early (in order) to find the best seats.

·         She bought a book so (that) Could she learn English

references

http://grammar.about.com/od/ab/g/qdvclterm.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverbial_clause

http://arum-pertiwi.blogspot.com/2011/03/adverbial-clause.html